We will consider four basic types of AI. The first two types belong to a category known as narrow AI, or AI that is trained to perform a specific or limited range of tasks. The second two types have yet to be achieved and belong to a category sometimes called strong AI.
1. Reactive AI
Reactive machines always respond to identical situations in the exact same way every time, and they are not able to learn actions or conceive of past or future.
2. Limited memory machines
A limited memory machine is able to retain some information learned from observing previous events or data. It can build knowledge using that memory in conjunction with pre-programmed data. Self-driving cars for instance store pre-programmed data.
3. Theory of mind
Theory of mind capability refers to the AI machine’s ability to attribute mental states to other entities.
There are still a number of hurdles to achieving the theory of mind AI, because the process of shifting behavior based on rapidly shifting emotions is so fluid in human communication.
4. Self-aware AI
The most advanced type of artificial intelligence is self-aware AI. When machines can be aware of their own emotions, as well as the emotions of others around them, they will have a level of consciousness and intelligence similar to human beings. This type of AI will have desires, needs, and emotions as well.
