Popular Git packages for Sublime include Git and GitSavvy (the latter being more feature filled). You may also want GitGutter as well, which lets you track what lines in the current file are modified.
Note that if you’re coming from Atom, a common question is “Is there a way to change the color of files in the sidebar to show their git status?”, and at the present time the answer is “Unfortunately not at the moment”,.
A popular package for an integrated terminal would be TerminalView, although this is only supported on OSX/Linux currently.
For other options, including the other package types that you mentioned (which I have no real experience with), I would recommend checking out Package Control to see what’s available. Others may have other recommendations as well.
The only answer I personally have for this one is the speed, which you already mentioned. I only played with Atom a brief time before trying Sublime, and ended up buying a license for it a couple of days later.
Sublime Text 3.0 was officially released September 13th, 2017 and since then there have been several development builds made available.
In addition, new packages are being added to Package Control on a regular basis (the last being today and then a week before that). There is also a quite active community here in the forums and on the unofficial Discord channel (see this post for details) working on packages and providing assistance.
I don’t know that I would necessarily equate lack of talk about Sublime Text with it not being in active development; unlike VS Code and Atom, Sublime isn’t open source and isn’t free, so it’s likely that it doesn’t get a lot of mentions from that community as a result.